Pathology 1 Crash

Match the List I of scientists with their related findings in List II
Choose the appropriate answer given below:

Psammoma bodies are seen in all except:

Dystrophic calcification is seen in

Morphological changes of apoptosis include:
(A) Cytoplasmic blebs
(B) Inflammation
(C) Nuclear fragmentation
(D) Spindle formation
(E) Cell swelling

Caseous necrosis is seen in which of the following:

PAS stains the following except:

Stain useful for identifying premalignant lesions of the lip is:

Neutrophil secretes:
(A) Superoxide dismutase
(B) Myeloperoxidase
(C) Lysosomal enzyme
(D) Catalase
(E) Cathepsin G

Littoral cells are found in

All of the following vascular changes are observed in acute inflammation, except:

Which of the following complement component can be activated is both common as well as alternative pathways?

Which of the following is not an inflammatory mediator?

Cryoprecipitate is rich in which of the following clotting factors?

Prostaglandins are synthesized from:

The role of bradykinin in process of inflammation is:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Factor X is a part of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway.
Statement II: Extrinsic pathway is activated by contact of plasma with negatively charged surfaces.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Cause of edema is:

Which of the following is true regarding transudate?
A. It is associated with increased vascular permeability
B. It has a character of Non-inflammatory oedema
C. Protein content is less than 1 gm/dl
D. Oedema in Congestive cardiac failure is the example of transudate
E. Glucose content is less than 60 mg/dl.

Which of the following are Autosomal dominant disease?
A. Adult polycystic kidney
B. Neurofibromatosis-1
C. Neurofibromatosis-2
D. Hereditary spherocytosis
E. Phenylketonuria

All of the following are Autosomal recessive except:

In Marfan‘s syndrome there is defect in protein

A 26-year-old woman presents because of trouble with her vision. Physical examination reveals a very tall, thin woman with long, thin fingers, Examining her eyes reveals the lens of her left eye to be in the anterior chamber. Her blood levels of methionine and cystathionine are within normal levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient‘s signs and symptoms?

Hemophilia is associated with:

ABO blood group inheritance is an example of:

In Prader Willi syndrome, which of the following is increased?

Maternal disomy of chromosome 15 is seen in:

Two siblings with osteogenesis imperfecta have normal parents. The mode of inheritance is explained by which of the following?

In Huntington chorea the causative mutation in the protein huntingtin is a:

No change of genetic material occurs in which of the following cytogenetic abnormalities?

A married middle aged female gives history of repeated abortions for the past 5 years. The prenatal karyogram of the conceptus is given below:

This karyogram suggests the following:

A 19-year-old female with short stature, wide spread nipples and primary amenorrhea most likely has a karyotype of:

Chromosomal abnormality in Mongolism is:

Barr body is not seen in:

Gene for Wilm‘s tumor is located on:

The technique used for separation and detection of RNA is which one of the following:

All are malignant tumours, except:

Marker of small cell cancer of lung is:

Hamartoma is:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Metaplasia is defined as the replacement of one type of cell with another type.
Statement II: Dysplasia often occurs in metaplastic epithelium, but not all metaplastic epithelium is also dysplastic.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 

Increased risk of cancer is seen in:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Quiescent cells, cannot divide in postnatal life
Statement II: Labile cells are present in Liver
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 

Bimodality of incidence occurs in all, except

The tumor suppressor gene p 53 induces cell cycle arrest at:

During which phase of the cell cycle the cellular content of DNA is doubled:

Match the list I of Oncogenes with their associated tumours.
 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

For which one of the following tumors Gastrin is a biochemical marker?

All of the following are examples of tumor markers except:

Osteogenesis imperfecta defect in:

Long and short arm of chromosome are called respectively:

BCL2 is a marker for:

Most friable vegetation is seen in:

In mitral valve prolapse syndrome, histopathology of mitral valve shows:

Mc Callum’s patch is diagnostic of:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: In patients with heart failure, hemosiderin-laden macrophages are often referred to as heart failure cells.
Statement II: These cells ae found in Heart in the interstitium.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

7 day old MI the most sensitive biochemical marker:

Most common benign heart tumor is:

CAD predisposing factors:
(A) Homocysteinemia
(B) Increased lipoprotein B
(C) Increased fibrinogen
(D) Increased HDL
(E) Increased plasminogen activator inhibitors

Glomus tumor is seen in:

Infraclavicular lesion of tuberculosis is known as:

In emphysema, the destruction of many alveolar walls changes the compliance of the respiratory system. Which of the following clinical observations is directly related to this change in compliance?

Earliest lesion seen in asbestosis is:

Cavity formation is observed in one of the following bronchogenic carcinoma:

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis in children is
diagnosed by:

Flea bitten appearance of the kidney is seen in:

Histology of Alport syndrome:
(A) Foamy cells in interstitium
(B) Foamy cells in tubular epithelial cells
(C) Thickening of GBM > 100 nm
(D) Thinning of GBM < 100 nm (E) Intimal proliferation.

A 7 yrs old girl is brought with complaints of generalised swelling of the body. Urinary examination reveals grade 3 proteinuria and the presence of hyaline and fatty casts. She has no history of hematuria. Which of the following statements about her condition is true?

Podocytes are seen in:

Which one of the following statements is incorrect
regarding uric acid stones?

Bilaterally enlarged kidneys are seen in:
(A) Chronic glomerulonephritis
(B) Chronic pyelonephritis
(C) Benign nephrosclerosis
(D) Polycystic Kidney disease
(E) Amyloidosis

Serum amylase level are raised in all of the following EXCEPT:

The histological features of celiac disease include all of
the following, except:

Which of the following is a histological feature of
Whipple’s disease?

In early gastric carcinoma malignancy is confined to

Bronze diabetes is seen in:

True statements about a-l antitrypsin deficiency is
(A) Autosomal dominant disease
(B) Emphysema
(C) Fibrosis of portal tract
(D) Diastase resistant positive hepatocytes
(E) Orcein positive granules

Klatskin tumor is:

Liver granulomas may be associated with all of the following except

Match the list of diseases with their histopathological findings.
 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Function of hepatic stellate cells is/are:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Krukenberg tumors are often found in both ovaries.
Statement II: Stomach is the primary site in most of the cases of Krukenberg tumor
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Seminoma is germ cell tumor with good prognosis.
Reason R: The tumor cells rarely have areas of necrosis and haemorrhage
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Spongiform degeneration of cerebral cortex occurs in
which of the following?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: B12 deficiency causes subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord
Reason R: B12 deficiency causes degeneration of both the ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Amylin is secreted by which group of cells of pancreas?

Which of the following histological type of carcinoma
thyroid most commonly metastasizes to lymph nodes?

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is associated with
which of the following syndrome:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: FNAC is not useful for diagnosing follicular thyroid cancer
Reason R: Capsular invasion is the definitive feature differentiating follicular adenoma from follicular carcinoma
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Reiter syndrome is an example of seronegative
spondyloarthropathy
Reason R: As Reiter syndrome is not associated with HLA B-27
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

Mosaic pattern of lamellar bone histology is found in:

Which of the following is the most specific test for rheumatoid arthritis?

Match the list of diseases with their corresponding cytoplasmic inclusions

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match the list of microdeletion syndromes with their chromosomes
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

A young female presented with a right side thyroid nodule and was operated. A 2×2 cm thyroid nodule was resected and the following histology is seen. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Bilateral breast carcinoma is:

A female patient presented with a firm mass of 2 × 2 cms
in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. She gives a
family history of ovarian carcinoma. The investigation
that needs to be done to assess for mutations is:

An adenofibroma of the ovary in which the epithelial component consists of the nests of transitional cells is called:

A 30-year-old woman Shagun visits her gynecologist for a surgery. After laparotomy, a mass is removed which on microscopic examination demonstrates a cystic cavity filled with hair and keratin debris, and the wall contains skin, adnexal tissue, thyroid tissue, and neural tissue. All of the tissues are similar to those normally found, and no malignant changes are seen. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a

Mercury affects which part of the kidney?

At autopsy, a patient who had died with acute anuria and
uremia is found to have ischemic necrosis of the cortex
of both kidneys with relative sparing of the medulla.
These pathological findings are most likely related to
which of the following underlying conditions?

Causes of Nephrocalcinosis are:
(A) Hyperparathyroidism
(B) T.B. Kidney
(C) Hypercalcemia
(D) Glomerulonephritis
(E) MCD