Practice of Medicine 3 Crash

A 34-year-old man with a history of polyarthralgia, back pain and diarrhoea is found to have a 3 cm red lesion on his shin which is starting to ulcerate. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Stratum lucidum is the horny layer of Epidermis
Statement II: Stratum corneum is present only in palms and soles
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Synthesis of Vit D takes place

Meibomian glands are

Anus below Hilton’s line is lined by

Pseudostratified, with stereocilia lines

Which of the following are not primary lesions of skin,
A) Macule
B) Vesicle
C) Ecchymosis
D) Comedones
E) Scales

In Wood lamp’s light test, red fluorescence indicates,

Koebner’s phenomena is present in all except
A) Psoriasis
B) Lichen planus
C) Molluscum contagiosum
D) Pityriasis rubra pilaris
E) Warts

Nikolsky’s sign is seen in
A) Pemphigus
B) Steven Johnson syndrome
C) Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
D) TEN
E) TSS

Darier’s sign is seen in

Painless lesions is seen in all except:

____is seen in Scarlet fever

Match the following

Cafe-au-lait spots are seen in all except

Genital warts is caused by

Sphagetti and meat ball appearance is seen in

Healing without scarring is seen in

A skin condition, where there is streak like lesions in oral mucosa and also Tzanck smear is positive in

Oil drop sign is seen in

Match the following

Collar button ulcer is seen in

An 85-year-old lady presents to dermatology clinic complaining of itchy white plaques affecting her vulva. There is no history of vaginal discharge or bleeding. A similar plaque is also seen on her inner thigh. What is the likely diagnosis?

In the terminology of skin lesions, which among the following are true,
A. Papules are solid skin elevations > 20mm in diameter
B. Nodules are solid skin masses> 5 mm in diameter
C. Vesicles are fluid-containing skin elevations > 5 mm in diameter
D. Petechiae are pinhead-sized macules of blood within the skin
E. Macules are small raised areas of skin of altered colour

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Delayed hypersensitivity reaction in seborrheic eczema
Statement II: Increased serum IgA concentration in discoid (nummular) eczema
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: A fluctuating course since infancy suggests atopic eczema
Statement II: Involvement of extensor surfaces suggests psoriasis
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Which of the following cause alopecia with scarring

Skin diseases associated with marked pruritus include all except,
A. Cutaneous vasculitis
B. Lichen planus
C. Atopic eczema
D. Seborrheic keratosis
E. Dermatitis herpetiformis

The typical features of erythema nodosum include
A. Red hot tender nodules over the shins
B. Lesions disappear over 1-2 weeks
C. Fever, malaise and polyarthralgia
D. Oral and genital mucosal ulceration
E. Predominantly affects the elderly

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Koilonychia suggests B₁₂ or folate deficiency
Statement II: Splinter haemorrhages usually indicate the presence of infective endocarditis
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 

A 3-year-old girl is taken to her doctor due to a rash on the
right upper arm. On examination multiple raised lesions of
about 2 mm in diameter are seen. On close inspection a
central dimple is present in the majority of lesions. What is
the likely diagnosis?

A 64-year-old woman presents with severe mucosal ulceration associated with the development of blistering lesions over her torso and arms. On examination the blisters are flaccid and easily ruptured when touched. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Where on the body are keloid scars most likely to form?

Which one of the following statements regarding scabies is false?

Which of the following skin disorders is least associated with tuberculosis?

Which one of the following statements regarding allergy testing is incorrect?

Which of the following conditions is most associated with onycholysis?

A 41-year-old man develops itchy, polygonal, violaceous papules on the flexor aspect of his forearms. Some of these papules have coalesced to form plaques. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Tear drop papules on the trunk and limbs is a feature of

Each one of the following is associated with yellow nail syndrome except:

Pellagra is caused by a deficiency in:

A 35-year-old female presents tender, erythematous nodules
over her forearms. Blood tests reveal: Calcium 2.78 mmol/l
What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following skin conditions is not associated with diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following statements regarding acne vulgaris is correct?
A. Follicular epidermal hyperproliferation results in
obstruction of the pilosebaceous follicle
B. Acne vulgaris affects at least 80% of teenagers
C. Propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic bacterium
D. Typical lesions include comedones and pustules
E. Beyond the age of 25 years acne vulgaris is more
common in males

Which one of the following features is least associated with zinc deficiency?

What term is used in dermatology to describe a coin-shaped lesion?

Infection by what organism causes the rash shown in Figure

Given below are two statements.
Statement I: Urticaria (‘hives’) is caused by localised dermal oedema secondary to a temporary increase in capillary permeability
Statement II: Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune blistering disorder that is strongly associated with coeliac disease (CD)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A 74-year-old lady with a history of hypothyroidism presents in January with a rash down the right side of her body. On examination an erythematous rash with patches of hyperpigmentation and telangiectasia is found. What is the likely diagnosis?

A 33-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent nose
bleeds, iron-deficiency anaemia and dyspnoea is found to have a pulmonary AV malformation on pulmonary angiography. What is the likely underlying diagnosis?

Normal combined kidney volume is about ?

Given below are two statements;
Statement I:Cystatin C is a member of cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors
Statement II:Cystatin C is produced at a relatively constant rate from all nucleated cells
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

In general, patients do not develop symptomatic uremia until
GFR is ?

Normal red blood cell excretion in urine is ?

The BUN / P Cr ratio in prerenal azotemia is ?

Disease that allows “selective” loss of albumin is ?

Isolated hematuria may be a feature of
A.Urogenital neoplasms
B.Hypercalciuria
C.Hyperoxaluria
D.Hyperuricosuria

Given below are two statements;
Statement I:Cystatin C is a member of cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors
Statement II:Cystatin C is produced at a relatively constant rate from all nucleated cells
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

What percentage of total body water is found as extracellular
fluid (ECF) ?

Water channels in collecting ducts activated by AVP(Arginine vasopressin) are encoded by ?

Majority of filtered sodium is reabsorbed in ?

Normally, sodium concentration of sweat is ?

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):Congenital Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is X-linked
recessive trait due to mutations in V2 receptor gene
Reason (R):Congenital Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) may be
due to mutation in autosomal aquaporin-2 gene
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Potassium delivery to distal nephron approximates ?

Aldosterone is secreted by zona glomerulosa cells of adrenal
cortex in response to ?
A. High renin
B. High angiotensin II
C. Hyperkalemia

Which of the following is a cause of decreased potassium
intake ?

Hypokalemia is associated frequently with ?

Tumor that produce renin include ?
A. Renal cell carcinoma
B. Ovarian carcinoma
C. Wilms’ tumor

Ratio of water in intravascular and extravascular spaces is ?

A change in ICF osmolality is due to a change in

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):Liddle’s syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease
Reason (R):Liddle’s syndrome characterized by hypokalemic
metabolic alkalosis
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Nutritional vitamin D deficiency is best assessed by ?

Which part of nephron reabsorbs most of HCO 3
– ions ?

Fanconi syndrome is characterized by
A. Glycosuria
B. Generalized aminoaciduria
C. Phosphaturia
D.Hyperoxaluria

In kidneys, number of different cell types found is about ?

Which of the following is an inherited disorder of the thick
ascending limb ?

Which of the following aquaporin is not regulated by
vasopressin in the collecting duct ?

Pigmented “muddy brown” granular cast is characteristic of ?

What proportion of glomerular ultrafiltrate is reabsorbed in
the proximal tubules ?

In earliest portion of proximal tubule, which of the following is
the principal ion that accompanies the reabsorption of
sodium ?

Which of the following urinary feature is diagnostic of
glomerulonephritis ?
A.Hematuria with dysmorphic RBCs
B.RBC casts
C.Protein excretion >100 mg/day

CKD is likely if bilateral kidney size is ?

In peritoneal dialysis, for how many hours dextrose-containing
solution is allowed to remain in the peritoneal cavity

Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in the elderly is ?

Cortical nephron has how many capillary beds arranged in
series ?

Which of the following is false about Alport’s syndrome ?

Normally, the BUN:creatinine ratio is about ?

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is most often due to ?

What is the size of creatinine molecule ?

Primary cause of anemia in patients with CKD is ?

What percentage of renal plasma flow is filtered into Bowman’s
space ?

Which of the following is associated with poor prognosis in
late-stage CKD patients ?
A. Low blood pressure
B. Reduced body mass index
C. Hypolipidemia
D. High blood pressure

Tamm-Horsfall protein is secreted by epithelial cells of ?

Endogenous nephrotoxins include
A. Calcium
B. Hemoglobin
C. Magnesium
D.Myoglobin

Water-permeability is highest in ?

How many glomeruli does each kidney contain in a normal-
birth-weight adult ?

Serum levels of calcium in severe hypercalcemia is more than

Gordon’s syndrome includes
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Normal GFR
D. High renin

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A):SIADH is characterized by normal renal, adrenal & thyroid function
Reason (R):SIADH usually have normal K + & acid-base balance
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Positive “oil droplet sign” in Alport’s syndrome pertains to ?